Home Assistant 是一个开源的家庭自动化平台，特点是本地控制和隐私保护。

作为一名程序员，我深知上云的东西就没有隐私可言。
Home Assistant 作为一个开源的家庭智能平台，早就在我的“折腾”清单中。
如今，家里有了几件可以联网的设备，具备的折腾的条件。

但以我的体验来看，

在中国，正如标题所说，Home Assistant 这个平台并不优雅。

Home Assistant 的安装

我使用 Docker 来安装 Home Assistant，以下是我的 docker-compose.yml 文件配置：

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services:
  homeassistant:
    container_name: "home-assistant"
    restart: always
    network_mode: "host"
    privileged: true  # 添加此行以获取必要权限
    volumes:
      - "./data:/config"
      - "/run/dbus:/run/dbus:ro"
      - "/var/run/dbus:/var/run/dbus:ro"
      - "/dev/bus/usb:/dev/bus/usb"  # USB设备
      - "/dev/serial/by-id:/dev/serial/by-id"  # 串行设备
      - "/dev:/dev"  # 所有设备访问
    environment:
      - TZ=Asia/Shanghai
    image: homeassistant/home-assistant:2025.5.3

如果你下载 Home Assistant 的 Docker 镜像时存在网络问题，可以试试 DockerPull 项目。

Home Assistant 的配置

Home Assistant 的配置根据设备类型和品牌有所不同。

主流品牌的设备都可以很容易在网上找到相关的配置教程。

目前来说，我主要使用的是美的和小米，小米已经官方下场对 Home Assistant 进行了支持。但其他厂商貌似没有跟进的意思。

对于小米来说主要是安装 Xiaomi Home 和 Midea AC LAN 这两个集成。

  1. Xiaomi Home:

https://www.bing.com/search?q=home+assistant+midea+ac+lan&qs=LT&pq=home+assistant+midea+ac+&sc=12-24&cvid=C7247B1CAEC34D99B7730643BCA917CF&FORM=QBRE&sp=1&ghc=1&lq=0

  1. Midea AC LAN:

https://www.bing.com/search?q=home+assistant+xiaomi+home&qs=LT&pq=home+assistant+xiaomi&sk=LT1&sc=12-21&cvid=50B535590C63464587A96BF3936469AB&FORM=QBRE&sp=2&lq=0

哪里不优雅

我觉得核心问题还是设备兼容性，虽然 Home Assistant 支持很多设备，但在中国市场上，许多品牌的设备并没有官方支持。比如 Midea 的设备，虽然有社区支持，但功能性和官方 APP 相差甚远。如文章开头的图片所示，Home Assistant 只能控制灯的开关，而官方 APP 还可以控制灯的亮度和色温。

从互联网上的信息来看，大家用 Home Assistant 的主要目的是为了不同品牌设备之间的互联互通，但其实我并不需要智能化到这种程度。所以从我个人的角度来看，Home Assistant 的使用体验并不如官方 APP 来得好。

Wake on LAN

经过一通折腾之后，我发现 Home Assistant 对我有用的功能只有一个，那就是通过 Wake on LAN 来远程唤醒我的台式电脑，可以在一些应急的情况下远程唤醒家里的台式电脑来处理一些事情。

但仅仅为这一个需求来使用 Home Assistant，实在是有些大材小用。

于是我找到了一个轻量级的替代方案——gptwol

界面简洁，功能单一，专注于 Wake on LAN 的功能。

当然也支持 Sleep on LAN。

同样是 Docker 安装，但内存和 CPU 占用都远低于 Home Assistant。

Home Assistant is an open source home automation platform known for local control and privacy protection.

As a programmer, I know well that anything sent to the cloud has no privacy.
Home Assistant, as an open source smart home platform, has long been on my “to-tinker” list.
Now that I have a few network-enabled devices at home, the conditions for tinkering are met.

But from my experience,

in China, as the title says, Home Assistant is not an elegant platform.

Installing Home Assistant

I use Docker to install Home Assistant. Here is my docker-compose.yml configuration:

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services:
  homeassistant:
    container_name: "home-assistant"
    restart: always
    network_mode: "host"
    privileged: true  # Add this line to get the necessary permissions
    volumes:
      - "./data:/config"
      - "/run/dbus:/run/dbus:ro"
      - "/var/run/dbus:/var/run/dbus:ro"
      - "/dev/bus/usb:/dev/bus/usb"  # USB devices
      - "/dev/serial/by-id:/dev/serial/by-id"  # Serial devices
      - "/dev:/dev"  # Access to all devices
    environment:
      - TZ=Asia/Shanghai
    image: homeassistant/home-assistant:2025.5.3

If you have network problems downloading the Home Assistant Docker image, try the DockerPull project.

Configuring Home Assistant

Home Assistant’s configuration differs by device type and brand.

Configuration tutorials for mainstream brands are easy to find online.

So far, I mainly use Midea and Xiaomi devices. Xiaomi has officially joined in to support Home Assistant, but other vendors don’t seem to be following suit.

For Xiaomi, the main thing is installing the Xiaomi Home and Midea AC LAN integrations.

  1. Xiaomi Home:

https://www.bing.com/search?q=home+assistant+midea+ac+lan&qs=LT&pq=home+assistant+midea+ac+&sc=12-24&cvid=C7247B1CAEC34D99B7730643BCA917CF&FORM=QBRE&sp=1&ghc=1&lq=0

  1. Midea AC LAN:

https://www.bing.com/search?q=home+assistant+xiaomi+home&qs=LT&pq=home+assistant+xiaomi&sk=LT1&sc=12-21&cvid=50B535590C63464587A96BF3936469AB&FORM=QBRE&sp=2&lq=0

What’s Inelegant

I think the core issue is device compatibility. Although Home Assistant supports many devices, many brands in the Chinese market have no official support. For example, Midea devices have community support, but the functionality is far behind the official app. As shown in the image at the top of the article, Home Assistant can only toggle the light, while the official app can also control brightness and color temperature.

Based on what I’ve seen online, people mainly use Home Assistant for interop between different brands — but honestly, I don’t need that level of intelligence. So from my personal perspective, Home Assistant’s experience isn’t as good as the official apps.

Wake on LAN

After all that tinkering, I found the only feature of Home Assistant useful to me is Wake on LAN — waking up my desktop remotely to handle something in an emergency.

But using Home Assistant just for this one need is overkill.

So I found a lightweight alternative — gptwol

Clean interface, single purpose, focused on Wake on LAN.

It also supports Sleep on LAN, of course.

Also installed via Docker, but with far lower memory and CPU usage than Home Assistant.